Discrimination Experiences in Greater Houston: Prevalence, Types, Perpetrators and Health Impacts

BRIEF : Jul. 27, 2026

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This study examines residents' experiences with various forms of discrimination and their broader impacts.

Discrimination can take many forms — from disrespect and exclusion to harassment — and can have lasting effects on social, mental and physical health. A survey of more than 9,000 Houston-area residents examines experiences with personal and vicarious (indirect) discrimination. Alongside structural and legal categories (such as race, age and class), the study also explores identity-based factors, with a particular focus on political discrimination.

Key findings

General discrimination

  • Over half (55%) of Houston-area residents reported experiencing discrimination in the past year (personally or vicariously), most often perpetrated by a stranger. 
  • Race and political views were the most frequently cited reasons for personal discrimination. 
  • Younger adults, Black residents and Hispanic residents reported the highest rates.
  • Personal discrimination was linked to poorer mental and physical health. Anger was the most common emotional response.

Political discrimination

  • Perceived political discrimination was reported at similar rates (21%-28%) across political affiliations, frequently in the forms of intolerance, social exclusion, harassment and intimidation.
  • To avoid conflict, 1 in 5 residents who perceived being targeted reported changing their behavior by censoring or disengaging themselves from others.
  • Some residents expressed fatigue with perceived political discrimination and called for change to bridge divides. 

Suggested citations
 

Liu, T., & Niznik, A. (2026). Experiences of discrimination in the Houston area: Prevalence, perpetrators, and consequences for mental and physical health. Houston Population Research Center, Kinder Institute for Urban Research, Rice University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25611/4D17-V290


Niznik, A. (2026). Experiences of perceived political discrimination in the Houston area. Houston Population Research Center, Kinder Institute for Urban Research, Rice University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25611/BC77-GM21

 

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